By Lewis, Sharon, Candice Simon, Renata Uzzel, Amanda Horwitz & Michael Casserly, 2010. Report: A Call for change. The social and educational factors contributing to the outcomes of black males in urban schools. Washington DC, Council of Great City Schools.

The 6 factores they discriminate for action are:
1. Readiness to learn 2. Black male achievement on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)
3. Black male achievement on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) in selected big city school districts
4. College and career preparedness
5. School experience
6. Postsecondary experience